"Spiders are among the dominant predators in almost all terrestrial ecosystems, and play a major role in controlling insect populations: the global spider population has been estimated to consume between 400 million and 800 million tons of prey annually. Found on all continents except Antarctica, spiders live in incredibly diverse habitats, from deep in caves to an altitude of almost 22,000 feet (6,700 m) on Mt. Everest (where they survive on prey blown up from lower elevations), and from deserts as hot as Death Valley to tundra in the coldest parts of Siberia. They can even “balloon” into the air, emitting a strand of silk that gets caught by the wind; ballooning spiders have been found alighting on ships more than a thousand miles from the nearest land, and floating at 16,000 feet (4, 900 m) in the air. The many different kinds of silk threads they spin can have a tensile strength greater than steel. Researchers are seeking ways to manufacture textiles that are similarly strong and lightweight for use in products ranging from parachutes to bulletproof vests. Spider venoms are also diverse. They can inhibit the transfer of nerve impulses across synapses, and so they are being studied as possible treatments for diseases such as epilepsy. This book explores the diversity and natural history of these fascinating creatures."
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